This paper presents the design and validation of a low-power, ring-worn PPG acquisition system for continuous monitoring of heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation of drivers in automotive applications. The device utilizes a MAX30102 sensor and an STM32 microcontroller to capture Red and Infrared signals, which are transmitted via Wi-Fi to a dedicated GUI. To ensure real-time performance on constrained hardware, we implemented a light algorithm able to obtain a robust peak identification, even in case of strong motion artifacts. The sensor's mechanical housing was 3D-printed using flexible TPU to optimize fit and signal quality. Experimental results from six volunteers using a dynamic driving simulator demonstrate good accuracy, with mean HR differences typically below 1 BPM compared to reference ECG data. The study identifies mechanical fit as the primary critical factor; even if a ring provides good signal quality, a loose fit significantly increases motion artifacts during driving maneuvers. These results confirm the system's potential for enhancing road safety through real-time driver physiological assessment.
Design of a Wearable Ring for the Measurement of Heart Rate and Blood Oxygen Saturation on Drivers
Affanni A.
2026-01-01
Abstract
This paper presents the design and validation of a low-power, ring-worn PPG acquisition system for continuous monitoring of heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation of drivers in automotive applications. The device utilizes a MAX30102 sensor and an STM32 microcontroller to capture Red and Infrared signals, which are transmitted via Wi-Fi to a dedicated GUI. To ensure real-time performance on constrained hardware, we implemented a light algorithm able to obtain a robust peak identification, even in case of strong motion artifacts. The sensor's mechanical housing was 3D-printed using flexible TPU to optimize fit and signal quality. Experimental results from six volunteers using a dynamic driving simulator demonstrate good accuracy, with mean HR differences typically below 1 BPM compared to reference ECG data. The study identifies mechanical fit as the primary critical factor; even if a ring provides good signal quality, a loose fit significantly increases motion artifacts during driving maneuvers. These results confirm the system's potential for enhancing road safety through real-time driver physiological assessment.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
