Interoperabilità e semantica nei domini specialistici: l'approccio linked data nel settore delle costruzioni

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the concept of interoperability in relation to both technical and semantic dimensions. This need requires the development of tools and strategies in order to empower exchange and sharing of data, information and knowledge in specialized domain. In particular, the purpose is to establish semantic-based correlations between concepts from different sources which are heterogeneous on the basis of semantic covering, degree of specialization, objectives and uses, considering best practices recommended by the linked data approach about the implementation and the publication of data on the web. The principles of Linked Data and the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) formalism are applied to a specific domain of knowledge, that is, the building construction sector since its fragmentation, the specificity/granularity of concepts and the heterogeneity of the subjects that interact. To support semantic interoperability and to define a shared semantic network, concepts coming from three different Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) are correlated: 1) Innovance lexicon, specialized linguistic register; 2) Nuovo Soggettario, multidisciplinary thesaurus; 3) DbpediaItalia, encyclopedia and structured version of Wikipedia. These semantic relations are defined in accordance with ISO 25964-2:2013 - Information and documentation - Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies – Part 2: Interoperability with other vocabularies, following the hub-structure model, direct-linked model and selective mapping model. As a results, the semantic network of each KOS is expanded and consequently, the semantic interoperability between KOSs is guaranteed