Economic aspects, agronomic and defence innovative strategies, and oenology practices, in Prosecco wine production: A Comprehensive Review

This review examines the economic and sustainable viticulture practices in ‘Glera’ cultivation, specifically for Prosecco wine production, as maintaining both high-quality production and environmental sustainability is essential nowadays. The ‘Glera’ grape, renowned for its role in Prosecco, faces challenges from climate change, pests, and economic pressures. This work highlights the biocontrol strategies, integrated pest management (IPM), nutrition and water supply, and sustainable plant defence mechanisms that are being implemented to ensure resilience in ‘Glera’ vineyards. Plant-associated beneficial microbes, natural plant extracts, and innovative biostim-ulants have shown promise in promoting plant health and reducing dependency on chemical inputs. These practices not only enhance vineyard sustainability but also support Prosec-co’s competitive edge in the sparkling wine market by appeal-ing to health-conscious and eco-friendly consumers. This review underscores the need for ongoing research to opti-mize sustainable viticulture practices and maintain ‘Glera’'s productivity and quality, ensuring the long-term viability of Prosecco wine production in a changing global market.