Parietal centripetal and centrifugal thickening neovascularization in the descending anterior coronary artery Possible relations with the problem of collateral circulation

Left coronary arteries of 30 human hearts, obtained at autopsy, were injected with contrast medium. A control group was formed from anterior descending coronary arteries free of atherosclerosis and a study group from anterior descending coronary arteries with areas of atherosclerotic injury. The following differences in the two groups were noted. The control group did not show successfully injected vessels in intima and media, while cases with atherosclerotic injury have them; the number of injected vessels in presence of atherosclerotic injury was three times greater than in healthy coronary arteries; there was a decreasing gradient from outside to in, in the number of injected vessels in both groups; and finally in atherosclerotic vessels we noted a lack of balance between parietal thickening and the residual lumen (conspicuous thickening was accompanied by a small reduction in the lumen). We interpret centrifugal thickening as a possible compensatory mechanism in the major branches for an inadequate canalization of vessel, and suggest possible formation of coronary collateral circulation from vasa vasorum by a process of neovascularization.