Novel experimental methodologies to reconcile large- and small-signal responses of Hafnium-based Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions

Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions (FTJs) are promising electron devices which can be operated as memristors able to realize artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing. In this work, after a thorough validation of the in-house-developed experimental setup, novel methodologies are devised and employed to investigate the large- and small-signal responses of FTJs, whose discrepancies have proven difficult to interpret in previous literature. Our findings convey a significant insight into the contribution of the irreversible polarization switching to the bias-dependent differential capacitance of the ferroelectric–dielectric stack.