Biotransformations Performed by Yeasts on Aromatic Compounds Provided by Hop—A Review

The biodiversity of some Saccharomyces (S.) strains for fermentative activity and metabolic capacities is an important research area in brewing technology. Yeast metabolism can render simple beers very elaborate. In this review, we examine much research addressed to the study of how different yeast strains can influence aroma by chemically interacting with specific aromatic compounds (mainly terpenes) from the hop. These reactions are commonly referred to as biotransformations. Exploiting biotransformations to increase the product’s aroma and use less hop goes exactly in the direction of higher sustainability of the brewing process, as the hop generally represents the highest part of the raw materials cost, and its reduction allows to diminish its environmental impact.