Changes in microbial, chemical, physical and techno-functional properties of liquid egg yolk during hyperbaric storage

The effects of hyperbaric storage (HS) at 200 MPa on the microbial, chemical, physical and techno-functional properties of liquid egg yolk were investigated and compared to refrigeration. Inoculated Salmonella enterica (3.35 ± 0.12 logCFU g−1) and Staphylococcus aureus (2.78 ± 0.19 logCFU g−1) resulted below the detection limit after 24 and 48 h HS, respectively. Liquid egg yolk oxidative status remained unaffected for up to 28 days under pressure, probably due to the presence of egg yolk antioxidants. The decrease in egg yolk denaturation enthalpy and the increase in aromatic amino acid exposure indicated that egg yolk proteins unfolded according to structural changes other than those observed during refrigeration. Liquid egg yolk viscosity progressively increased during HS, eventually leading to gelling. Protein modification did not affect liquid egg yolk foaming and emulsifying properties but impaired its solubility and thermally-induced gelling. HS could be used for microbial decontamination of liquid egg yolk while maintaining oxidative stability and the typical capacity to stabilize foams and emulsions.